A revised introduction to the methods and algorithms of 3D computer vision and image processing, ranging from the basics to an advanced three dimensional scene analysis. The “purely” theoretical part of the book – although comprehensive – is kept succinct, whereas much attention is devoted to the algorithms and practical implementation issues. Thus, the proposed book constitutes a balance between theory and practice. At the other hand, this book can be conceived as an instructional source of 3D machine vision applications and methods that presents an organised introduction to advanced theoretical issues and solutions to many practical problems. However, since the publication of the first book many new achievements such as Microsoft Kinect and modern 3D cinema/ television, as well as significant research efforts resulting in modern camera calibration techniques and multi-view matching methods, have changed the domain of computer vision. The second edition of the popular first title is being written to address these developments.