This book presents novel drug discovery updates from medicinal plants against the devastating effects of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) on the global health care system. It is divided into six parts: part 1 presents chapters on general overview on NTDs, the recent drug discovery progress, the various druggable targets and challenges; part 2 presents chapters on protozoan infections; part 3 presents chapters on helminth infections; part 4 presents chapters on bacterial infections; and parts 5 and 6 document chapters on viral, fungal, and ectoparasitic infections.