Forests, on the ground and in social theory, are now highly contested spaces, the arenas of struggles and conflicts, in which both trees and forest-dwellers frequently find themselves on the losing side. Focusing on the forests of Africa, Asia and Latin America, this volume highlights four dimensions: the array of ongoing conflicts and movements at the local level, involving a wide spectrum of stakeholders with diverse interests; the rise of wider national, regional and global concerns over the destruction of forests; debates over the use and abuse of Nature; and possible 'solutions' to the problems of forests and those who live in and depend upon them. The papers in the collection are based on recent field research, rich in detail and nuanced in interpretation. They call into question many received wisdoms, discovering unexpected twists and turns in forest paths, life cycles or landscape trajectories, and highlighting the complex articulations of local processes and global forces in tropical forest struggles.